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Predatory Sparrow (also known as Gonjeshke Darande) is a hacktivist collective widely suspected of operating as a state-sponsored front, conducting high-profile destructive cyberattacks against Iranian critical infrastructure. The group's operations are characterized by sabotage and disruption, targeting sectors such as steel manufacturing, fuel distribution, and railway systems, causing significant real-world physical and economic damage. Their stated motivation is ideological opposition to the Iranian government, though the sophistication and precision of their attacks strongly suggest backing from a nation-state actor, widely assessed to be Israel.